Downy mildew of rose

They cause lesions on the upper leaf surface, bordered by the veins, which are first yellow and then turn brown. On the underside of the leaf fluffy growth [...] which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is, in fact, the sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. In lettuce, the foot is [...] For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 °C. The closer the temperature is to these 15 °C , the shorter the leaf wetness period that

Greenhouse whitefly

are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain [...] found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult whiteflies can usually be found in the top of the plant and [...] General The greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) is one of the major pests of vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses throughout the world

Tobacco whitefly

adult. The larvae are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the [...] peppers, yellowing of the flower stalks in gerbera, and serious yellowing of the leaves of French beans. Other symptoms include the appearance of chlorotic patches [...] together. When shaking infested plants, adults will first fly, then return to the underside of the leaves. The adult tobacco whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ) has

Phytophthora blight

from the root to the foot, but direct infection of the foot also occurs. Exudates leaking from growing root tips promote germination and attract the zoospores [...] wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil from infected plants. Dispersal in the soil happens via water, since the zoospores can readily [...] fungal growth on the leaves. The centre is grey-brown with a light-green edge. On the stem, elongated brown lesions occur, usually circling the stem. On potato

Diglyphus isaea

particularly the serpentine leafminer ( Liriomyza trifolii ). The female wasp deposits her eggs inside the larvae of the leafminer, where the emerging larvae [...] usually pupates in the mine some distance from the dead host. Pupal stage: The pupa lies between the upper and lower epidermis of the leaf which are held apart [...] Adult stage: The appearance of the adult is already clearly visible. Pupae are often visible through the leaf. The parasitic wasp escapes from the mine by making

Knowing & recognizing

photographs, and dozens of illustrations of the most prevalent pests, diseases and their natural enemies. This book provides the reader with the necessary information [...] giving you the ability to recognize the pest or disease you are up against by means of detailed illustrations and close-up photographs. The knowledge gained [...] gained will equip you to find the best sustainable solutions. First published 25 years ago and revised in 2003, the latest edition comprises 443 pages

Anagyrus vladimiri

Behaviour of the parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimiri The female Anagyrus vladimiri lays its eggs inside the body of the mealybug. Upon hatching, the larvae [...] ovipositor between the wax filaments on the lateral margins of the host. Oviposition generally lasts about 15-40 seconds. The larva of the parasitic wasp [...] leading to the death of the host. Anagyrus vladimiri also engages in host feeding, where the adult female wasp feeds on the body fluids of its mealybug

Nothing beats original

. Choosing the right predatory mite solution to control a pest infestation is contingent upon various factors such as the type of crop, the specific pest [...] stories Dive into the rich history and innovative spirit behind Koppert’s predatory mite solutions. Since 1967, we have been at the top of our game helping [...] with our unmatched portfolio of predatory mites . Uncover the untold stories behind this track record and gain insights into the passion and dedication that

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

rot is first noticed when plants wilt at the time of first harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial [...] in the pith, the stem seems wet and slimy. Above or below the hollow stem the vascular tissue keeps its normal colour. On the fruits, lesions first are [...] plants or in the soil in low densities. It has also been found in the gut of insects, possibly spreading from decaying vegetation to the growing crop that

Neoseiulus cucumeris

is used for the control of the following pests: Thrips Neoseiulus cucumeris mites actively seek out and prey on the first instar larvae of various thrips [...] instance in sweet pepper crops as the predatory mite can establish itself in the crop before the pest appears. The success of predatory mites in controlling [...] lays about two eggs per day. Life cycle of Neoseiulus cucumeris The life cycle of Neoseiulus cucumeris consists of the following stages: egg, larva, protonymph