• Impatiens thrips

  to adult on the plant, specifically on the leaves. Eggs are deposited in the leaf tissue, while subsequent stages are found on the upper- and undersides [...] of the leaf. Pupation occurs on the leaf rather than on the ground. The prepupae and pupae remain immobile on the leaf tissue. Adults are found on both [...] orange pigmentation between the segments, and the dark wings are white at the base. This colouration distinguishes the species from most other thrips species

• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  wilt at the time of first harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial growth in the pith, the stem [...] seems wet and slimy. Above or below the hollow stem the vascular tissue keeps its normal colour. On the fruits, lesions first are small and sunken, wa [...] water-soaked and light to dark brown. They are adjacent to wounds and natural openings at the stem end. Later the fruit becomes soft and lesion contents

• Botrytis

  cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause death of the plants. In cucumber and tomato the fungus causes lesions [...] wounds. These lesions may encircle the stem, so the part of the plant above the lesion wilts and dies. In vegetables and strawberry, grey mould ( Botryotinia [...] fungus in many environments. It survives in plant parts like bulbs and crop residues or as sclerotia (drought- and cold-resistant structures) in the soil

• Tobacco whitefly

  called pupa, in which the red eyes and white wings of the adult are already clearly visible. These pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges [...] tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world. The original [...] leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth

• False codling moth

  sunken and brown as the damage tissue decays. The mature larvae enlarge the hole to leave the fruit and pupate. Excreta can be found within the larvae [...] codling moth Eggs are laid singly on the surface of the fruit and resemble a saucer-shaped dome. After a few days the eggs hatch and the neonate larvae finds [...] fruit and drops to the ground where it pupates in the top layer of the soil. The moths emerge after a couple of weeks. The life cycle varies between 5 weeks

• Cottony soft rot

  containing ascospores. The mycelium infects the stem base and the roots, whereas the ascospores infect the above-ground plant parts. In greenhouses, usually [...] mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an optimum between 13 and 15 °C [...] mycelium is produced by the germinating sclerotia. The fungus grows quite rapidly inside the plant and kills the host cells. On the infected plant tissue

• Greenhouse whitefly

  influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres to the fruit, and the growth [...] leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth [...] This is called the pupa stadium and these pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult whiteflies

• Cucumber

  24 inches long and 10 cm or 3.9 inches in diameter. Cucumbers develop from flowers and their seed develop within the fruit, therefore in botanical terms [...] more particularly in India. The plant’s cultivation history goes back some 3000 years and it is now being produced on most continents. The cucumber plant [...] terms they are classified as berries. However, like tomatoes and squash, cucumbers are often regarded, prepared and eaten as vegetables. Cucumbers consist

• Horiver Disc

  trap around the stem of the plant with the sticky side down, just above the substrate Remove the silicone cover paper from the top side of the trap Replace [...] aphids and fungus gnats. Pests Root aphids , fungus gnats. Mode of action Insect pests are attracted to the colour of the sticky trap and get caught in the [...] Available colours and sizes Yellow: 18 cm diameter Numbers per package 50 pieces Application Remove the silicone cover paper from one side of the trap Place trap

• Anagyrus vladimiri

  Hang the bottle in the crop, out of direct sunlight Deploy in or near the mealybug colonies Leave bottles in the crop for at least two weeks Carry out [...] Anagyrus vladimiri The parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimir is available in a bottle ( Citripar ). Remove the label from the bottle according to the instructions [...] control of the mealybugs . Behaviour of the parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimiri The female Anagyrus vladimiri lays its eggs inside the body of the mealybug