• Macrocheles robustulus

  stages: egg, six-legged larva, eight-legged protonymph and deutonymph, and adult. Adult mites are 0.6-0.8 mm long, oval shaped and pale white with a brown oval [...] mites, springtails, nematodes and other small soil-dwelling organisms. Adult females can consume four to five Western flower thrips (Frankliniella oc

• Caterpillars

  Sticky traps Pheromone traps support early detection and mass trapping of adult moths, while beneficial nematodes target caterpillar larvae. Sticky traps [...] while moth flying at night are usually inconspicuously brownish are greyish. Adult butterflies do not damage crops. Most of them feed on nectar. In contrast [...] noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all lepidopteran families. Most adults of this family are nocturnal. The caterpillars mostly pupate in the ground

• Neoseiulus californicus

  preference for immature stages (eggs, larvae and nymphs) as opposed to adults. However, adult females feed on all stages of Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus [...] Phytoseiidae family: egg, larva, proto- and deutonymph, and adult males and females. Adult mites are lighter and have a flatter more elongated body than [...] larvae of Phytoseiulus persimilis , feed on spider mite eggs. The nymphs and adults are a transparent white colour. In many cases the colour of the food ingested

• Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Hypoaspis miles)

  organisms. The larvae do not feed. Nymphs and adults prey mainly in the upper 1-2 cm of the soil. Adult females consume up to 4.5 thrips pupae per day [...] stages: egg, six-legged larva, eight-legged protonymph and deutonymph, and adult. Stratiolaelaps scimitus is a large mite with a body length of up to 1 mm

• Diamond back moth

  is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to brown before adult emergence. The adult of the diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) is slender, greyish [...] distributed lepidopteran species. It is highly migratory and wind-borne adults can travel long distances to invade crops in other regions. Damage symptoms

• Onion thrips

  develops in six stages: egg, two larval instars, prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, [...] green in colour, with a large head and bright red eyes. The colour of the adult depends on the food source. Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) usually pupate in

• Eretmocerus eremicus

  environmental conditions and its efficiency in reducing whitefly infestations. Adults of this species do not feed on whiteflies but instead rely on nectar and [...] (including a pre-pupal stage after the third instar), a pupa, and finally the adult wasp. Females prefer the second and third larval instars of whiteflies for [...] transition to the pupal stage, where major morphological changes occur. The adult wasp, visible through the pupal cuticle, gnaws an exit hole to emerge. Females

• Anagyrus vladimiri

  of the host. Anagyrus vladimiri also engages in host feeding, where the adult female wasp feeds on the body fluids of its mealybug hosts. This behavior [...] pre-reproductive conditioning. Life cycle and appearance of Anagyrus vladimiri Adults show marked sexual dimorphism: the female is about 1.5-2 mm in length and [...] five instars before pupating within the mummified skin of its host. The adult emerges through an irregular exit hole gnawed at the posterior end of the

• Citrus mealybug

  considerable economic damage. Life cycle and appearance of Citrus mealybug Adult females of Planococcus citri are 2.5 - 4 mm long and 2 - 3 mm in breadth [...] There is often a darker longitudinal stripe running over the body. The adult males are short lived and can be hard to spot. They are smaller than the [...] third instar after which they become sexually mature. Soon after becoming an adult the females start to release a sex pheromone to attract males. Males generally

• Cotton aphid

  than 50 different viruses, including the cucumber mosaic virus. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones [...] Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses reproduction takes place by