Aphids
transmission and yield loss. Effective aphid control is essential for maintaining healthy, productive crops. Biological control of aphids uses a combination [...] unmarketable. At the same time, photosynthesis in the leaves is reduced, affecting production. The aphid’s saliva can induce strong ‘allergic’ reactions [...] by the winged individuals. Potato virus Y (PVY) is transmitted by aphids in tomato in this way, as is the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in cucumber. How