Green peach aphid

important insect pest in sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber and many other greenhouse crops. The aphid may originate from Asia, where its winter-hardy host plant [...] occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield, Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds ( Cladosporium spp

Sugar cane

perennial true grass genus, Saccharum , of the family Poaceae . In terms of production quantity, it is the world’s largest crop. Over time, sugar cane species [...] jointed internodes. These are rich in sucrose and can reach heights of between two and six metres. The sucrose is extracted in mill factories to be processed [...] As a tropical and subtropical crop, it requires plentiful rainfall for a period of more than six months per annum. It does not tolerate severe frosts.

Impatiens thrips

the trade in foliage plants. Impatiens thrips (Echinothrips americanus) has a wide range of hosts. In addition to many ornamental plants it also attacks [...] attacks sweet pepper, cucumber and eggplants. It lives exclusively on the leaves and is often present on weeds in greenhouses. Life cycle and appearance of [...] develops in six stages: egg, two larval instars, prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. Impatiens thrips (Echinothrips americanus) completes its entire

Trichoderma harzianum

beneficial fungus commonly used in agriculture and horticulture for its various beneficial properties. This fungus is known for its ability to promote plant growth [...] harzianum T-22 in sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management practices has various advantages: It controls different soil-borne diseases It strengthens [...] improve nutrient uptake, and enhance overall plant vigor. Its versatility and effectiveness make it a valuable tool for sustainable agriculture and integrated

Anagyrus vladimiri

female is about 1.5-2 mm in length and brown, with distinctive black and white banded antennae. The male is 0.8 mm in length and black in colour. Anagyrus vladimiri [...] single egg in each host. Eggs laid in smaller hosts usually produce males. Prior to oviposition, the female parasitic wasp examines the host with its antennae [...] vladimir is available in a bottle ( Citripar ). Remove the label from the bottle according to the instructions Hang the bottle in the crop, out of direct

Amblydromalus limonicus

Amblydromalus limonicus is a species of predatory mite known for its role in biological pest control . Amblydromalus limonicus is a natural enemy of various [...] fluids from leaves, which is useful for instance in sweet pepper crops as the predatory mite can establish in the crop before the pest appears. Amblydromalus [...] (less than 24 hours old, white in colour) are a much better prey than older whitefly eggs (more than 24 hours old, brown in colour). At 25°C under optimal

Soybean

indigenous to East Asia. It is extensively cultivated for its edible beans. The fruit of the plant is a hairy pod, that grows clustered in small bunches of three [...] inch) and contains two or four seeds that measure 5-11 mm in diameter. Soybean seeds vary greatly in size and the hull can be black or brown, but also blue

Potato

refer to the plant itself or its edible tuber. The plant is an herbaceous perennial and came to Europe from Latin America in the second half of the 16th [...] world’s food supply and many people’s diet. In terms of volume, potato is the fourth-largest food crop in the world, after maize, wheat and rice. Potato [...] Potato plants grow up to some 60 cm tall. Its leaves die after flowering, fruiting and the development of the potatoes. The plant’s flowers vary from white

Cucumber

originates from South Asia, more particularly in India. The plant’s cultivation history goes back some 3000 years and it is now being produced on most continents [...] large leaves and it produces an elongated, cylindrical fruit that may become as long as 60 cm or 24 inches long and 10 cm or 3.9 inches in diameter. Cucumbers [...] Cucumbers develop from flowers and their seed develop within the fruit, therefore in botanical terms they are classified as berries. However, like tomatoes and

Onion

however, the plant is mostly handled as an annual and harvested at the end of its first production season. Onions are popular and therefore cultivated and used [...] cooking all around the world. Their flesh is pungent when chopped, because it contains particular chemical elements that irritate the eyes.