Phytophthora blight

borders and white fluffy fungal growth on the leaves. The centre is grey-brown with a light-green edge. On the stem, elongated brown lesions occur, usually [...] s containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by germinating sporangia [...] sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned to the soil

Damping-off

substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life cycle [...] General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress [...] Damping-off Pythium belongs to the Oomycetes, a separate group of microorganisms and is therefore not a real fungus. It survives as oospores, resting spores

Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] pathogenic on a limited number of crops. Even within one crop, different formae speciales may occur and cause different symptoms. Fusarium oxysporum is the only [...] mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place

Cottony soft rot

as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( [...] seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial growth. How to prevent [...] Germination and infection mostly take place at high soil water content over a prolonged period of time. The sclerotia germinate directly and form mycelium

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Leek

plant that can be eaten is at times erroneously called a stem or stalk. This part is actually a bundle of leaf sheaths. This bundle is blanched by putting [...] ‘trenching’). The plant is usually sold as a small seedling and planted in a greenhouse. Later on, as weather permits, the leek is planted outside in the [...] Once outside, the plant is rather hardy and many varieties can be left in the soil during winter and harvested when there is a need for them.

Green peach aphid

peach tree, is native, however it is now a pest with a world-wide distribution. The green peach aphid ( Myzus persicae subsp. persicae ) is a particularly [...] aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young [...] glossy. Winged individuals have a brown-black head and thorax and a yellow-green to green or even reddish abdomen. They have a dark brown spot on the abdomen

Early blight

general the risk of Alternaria infection is larger under quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions occurring [...] during harvest (in potato and carrot). Post-harvest storage at 0-1 o C. A. brassicae and A. brassicicola : adjust the sowing date to avoid conditions conducive [...] General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause

Mirical

wool slabs, in Diboxes or on leaves. Make sure the material is not disturbed for at least a few hours Introduce in clusters of at least 50 predatory bugs [...] m 2 /release. Releases should be repeated after 2 weeks. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best [...] bugs and nymphs actively search for their prey and suck them out. The skin is left behind in its original form. Pack size 500 adults and nymphs. Presentation

Nematodes established solution for Nesidiocoris in France

crops from February onwards, which is really early. Nesidiocoris tenuis is a bug that has been a problem in France for a good 10 years. It causes significant [...] acts only on the head and avoids our Macrolophus . Capsanem is a valuable ally!’ Audrey Vignaud is Koppert’s technical head of the consultant for the South [...] try to affect Macrolophus less. It is a delicate balance, but Capsanem means chemical treatment can be avoided, which is the objective of many companies.’