• A dive into organic hop farming and biological crop protection

  contribute to more balanced and targeted pest management, with a specific focus on addressing issues like the red spider mite. The promising future of organic

• Cottony soft rot

  the naked eye and look like rat droppings. The symptoms may occur on stems but also on leaves, fruits and pods. Root infection often leads to premature [...] base. The plant above it wilts and rots. White, fluffy fungal mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium [...] overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an

• Downy mildew of rose

  fruits. They cause lesions on the upper leaf surface, bordered by the veins, which are first yellow and then turn brown. On the underside of the leaf fluffy [...] pathogen that causes plant diseases, such as downy mildew of rose and diseases on blackberries, raspberries and other Rubus species. Damage symptoms Downy mildew [...] is also infected in severe epidemics. In blackberry, red stripes may occur on the stems and petioles due to systemic infection. Early fruit infection may

• Early blight

  veins. Lesions can easily rupture. Other symptoms are brown lesions on stem and foot. On fruits, dark sunken, leathery lesions occur at the side of the stem [...] species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be several [...] blight of potato and early blight of tomato, which presents itself as spots on leaves, petals and stems. These spots can be distinguished by the dark and

• Phytophthora blight

  growth on the leaves. The centre is grey-brown with a light-green edge. On the stem, elongated brown lesions occur, usually circling the stem. On potato [...] germination and attract the zoospores. The pathogen grows into the stem and on the plant surface and new sporangiophores (structures containing sporangia [...] germinating sporangia or by zoospores produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and

• Horiver Disc

  Use Horiver Disc for trapping root aphids and fungus gnats. Pests Root aphids , fungus gnats. Mode of action Insect pests are attracted to the colour of the sticky trap and get caught in the glue. Pre

• Angular leaf spot

  symptoms Xanthomonas fragariae initially causes small, water-soaked lesions on the underside of the leaf. They enlarge to angular spots, often limited by [...] translucent. When conditions are humid, a viscous bacterial exudate forms on the underside of the leaf. This exudate changes to a white film when it dries [...] dries. Lesions may merge as they grow and later also become visible on the upper side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish brown and then

• Persea mite

  Damage symptoms Persea mite feeding causes characteristic damage on avocado leaves, primarily on the underside where the mites form small, web-covered colonies [...] perseae ) a key pest in avocado production worldwide. It lives and feeds on the undersides of avocado leaves, where it forms small webbed feeding colonies [...] egg, larval, nymphal and adult stages, with all life stages mainly occurring on the underside of avocado leaves within protective webbing. Female persea mites

• Bacterial wilt, brown rot

  the plants may show signs of stunting and produce many adventitious roots on the stem. The vascular stem tissue is coloured brown and when the stem is [...] temperate regions. It survives well in water and in many different soil types and on alternative hosts like weeds. It invades the plants through wounds or stomata [...] cutting knives and tools Control root rot nematodes as the wounds they make on roots help the bacteria to infect the crop Do not use cut potatoes for propagation

• False codling moth

  is found in all citrus production areas in Southern Africa. It also occurs on some of the Indian and Atlantic Ocean islands, such as Mauritius and Cape [...] fruit the peel around the penetration hole eventually assumes a yellow colour. On ripe fruit this area is orange, but eventually becomes sunken and brown as [...] larvae. Appearance and life cycle of False codling moth Eggs are laid singly on the surface of the fruit and resemble a saucer-shaped dome. After a few days