• Grapes

  actually a berry. Grapes are consumed fresh and they are processed to make wine or juice and dried to produce raisins. Nowadays there are between 5,000 and 10 [...] cultivars of the Vitis vinifera are the basis of wine production around the world. All the usual wine varieties are made from (different) types of Vitis

• Beet armyworm

  is active only at night. The forewings are grey-brown suffused with a dark brown or black. The head and thorax are brown and the abdomen grey-brown. The [...] leaf, sometimes stripping the leaf down to the mid-rib. Flowers and buds are also attacked. This large-scale damage has considerable consequences for the [...] the moth’s body. The eggs, usually grey but sometimes greenish or pinkish, are laid at night, preferably low in the crop on the underside of leaves, in groups

• Predatory insects

  Lacewings Lacewings are beneficial insects known for their voracious appetite for various pests, making them valuable in biocontrol. There are different species [...] lions," are particularly effective in controlling aphids . They use their strong jaws to grasp and consume aphids at a high rate. The larvae are highly [...] Predatory bugs Predatory bugs are beneficial insects crucial for natural pest control in agriculture. Equipped with piercing mouthparts, they actively

• Onion thrips

  eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They are inserted into the plant tissue with a [...] a saw-like ovipositor. Larvae are light to yellowish green in colour, with a large head and bright red eyes. The colour of the adult depends on the food [...] prepupa, the pupa has longer, more developed wing buds and longer antennae that are curved back over the head. The prepupal and pupal instars do not feed and

• Two-spotted spider mite

  Despite their small size, they are capable of very rapidly doing severe damage, due to their great reproductive capacity. There are more than 1200 species worldwide [...] worldwide and many of them are major crop pests. The two-spotted spider mite ( Tetranychus urticae ) is by far the most important species in greenhouses [...] and a resting period of roughly equal duration can be distinguished. Eggs are usually found on the underside of leaves. They have an oval body that is rounded

• Pumpkin, squash and gourd

  Cucurbitaceae . Cucurbits, as they are also know, are indigenous to the Andes region and Mesoamerica. Currently, five species are cultivated for their edible [...] on species, variety and local jargon. The fruits of the Cucurbita species are usually large and fleshy, but their size can vary substantially. Wild fruit

• Tobacco whitefly

  and adult. The larvae are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest [...] pupa, in which the red eyes and white wings of the adult are already clearly visible. These pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the [...] the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult whiteflies are often scattered over the entire plant where they deposit their eggs. This is why on one leaf all

• Neoseiulus californicus

  They are roughly 0.4 mm in length. The eggs are oval, transparent to white in colour and are deposited on the underside of the leaves. They are smaller [...] stages are the same as for other members of the Phytoseiidae family: egg, larva, proto- and deutonymph, and adult males and females. Adult mites are lighter [...] persimilis . It can survive longer than Phytoseiulus persimilis when spider mites are scarce and can control small spider mite populations more effectively over

• Gerbera

  known as Gerbera hybrida and there are now many cultivars that differ greatly in size, shape and colour. The main colours are white, yellow, orange, red and [...] as a decorative garden plant or sold as cut flower. Domesticated cultivars are usually the result of crossing the Gerbera jamesonii with another species

• Macrocheles robustulus

  and adult. Adult mites are 0.6-0.8 mm long, oval shaped and pale white with a brown oval dorsal shield and brown legs. The larvae are white. Protonymphs and [...] and deutonymph are pale white with a brown shield, more clearly visible with increasing size. The eggs are oval, about 0.3 x 0.2 mm in size and pearly [...] situation. Start introduction preventively or as soon as the first pests are detected in the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 100-500 per