• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  January 1, 1970

  wilt at the time of first harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial growth in the pith, the stem [...] seems wet and slimy. Above or below the hollow stem the vascular tissue keeps its normal colour. On the fruits, lesions first are small and sunken, wa [...] water-soaked and light to dark brown. They are adjacent to wounds and natural openings at the stem end. Later the fruit becomes soft and lesion contents

• Strawberry

  January 1, 1970

  means that the fleshy, edible part of the fruit does not develop from the plant’s ovaries, but from the receptacle that holds these same ovaries. The so-called [...] so-called ‘seeds’ (achenes) that are visible on the strawberry’s skin, are in reality the ovaries of the flower with a seed inside. [...] well-known hybrid species of the genus Fragaria (collectively referred to as the strawberries). Technically speaking, the strawberry is a so-called aggregate

• Cucumber

  January 1, 1970

  About The cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) is a popular, extensively cultivated plant that belongs to the gourd family of Cucurbitaceae . The cucumber originates [...] particularly in India. The plant’s cultivation history goes back some 3000 years and it is now being produced on most continents. The cucumber plant is a [...] a creeping vine that grows up trellises or other supporting frames. The plant supports itself with thin, spiraling tendrils. The cucumber plant has large

• Angular leaf spot

  January 1, 1970

  lesions on the underside of the leaf. They enlarge to angular spots, often limited by the small veins. The distinctive feature is the way the lesions look [...] visible on the upper side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish brown and then become necrotic. The foliar symptoms are the most important [...] Xanthomonas fragariae overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria are also introduced in a crop

• Cookie Statement

  January 1, 1970

  computer and the banner will no longer appear as long as the cookie is active. After the end of the cookie’s service life or if you delete the cookie, the [...] file that is stored on your computer by your browser when you visit the website. The main function of cookies is to distinguish one user from the other [...] other. Your browser sends us the information stored the next time you visit our site. The use of cookies is secure. They do not process personal data, such

• Downy mildew of rose

  January 1, 1970

  sporulation of the pathogens extruding from the stomata. In lettuce, the foot is infected first and this causes the plant to fall over. In cabbage the stem is [...] downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 °C. The closer the temperature is to these 15 °C , the shorter the leaf wetness period that is required [...] yellow and then turn brown. On the underside of the leaf fluffy growth appears which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is, in fact, the sporulation

• Flies

  January 1, 1970

  damage to crops both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding [...] maintain healthy and high-quality crops. Biological control of flies combines targeted monitoring and natural enemies that reduce both larval and adult populations: [...] traps, lures, and attractants Insect traps Sticky traps Beneficial nematodes and predatory mites target fly larvae in the soil, while traps and attractants

• Persea mite

  January 1, 1970

  leaf drop, and canopy thinning, which can expose fruit and branches to sunburn and ultimately reduce yield and fruit quality. Life cycle The persea mite [...] It lives and feeds on the undersides of avocado leaves, where it forms small webbed feeding colonies that cause significant leaf damage and can reduce [...] underside where the mites form small, web-covered colonies along the main veins. Their feeding punctures the leaf tissue, resulting in small, round necrotic

• Beneficial microorganisms

  January 1, 1970

  Once attached, the spores germinate, penetrate the cuticle, and colonize the insect's body. Internal damage: Once inside the insect, the fungus proliferates [...] beneficial microbes are the fungi Akanthomyces muscarius , Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosoroseus and the bacterium Bacillus t [...] works Infection and colonization: Beneficial microorganisms start by infecting their insect hosts. The fungi produce spores that attach to the insect's cuticle

• Botrytis

  January 1, 1970

  fungus, meaning that it excretes compounds that kill the plant cells and then uses the content of the plant cells as nutrients. On the infected area, new [...] cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause death of the plants. In cucumber and tomato the fungus causes lesions [...] wounds. These lesions may encircle the stem, so the part of the plant above the lesion wilts and dies. In vegetables and strawberry, grey mould ( Botryotinia