Early blight

Alternaria solani Early blight General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary infection

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

General Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora has recently been renamed Pectobacterium carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft rot, bacterial

Cottony soft rot

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Cottony soft rot General Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, also known as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Life cycle and appea

Angular leaf spot

Xanthomonas fragariae Angular leaf spot General Xanthomonas fragariae is a leaf spot disease found in strawberry. Life cycle and appearance of Angular leaf spot Xanthomonas fragariae overwinters in pl

Botrytis

General Grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is a commonly found fungus in many environments. It survives in plant parts like bulbs and crop residues or as sclerotia (drought- and

Cotton aphid

Aphis gossypii Cotton aphid General The cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii ) is an extremely polyphagous aphid found on more than 700 plant species. Crop plants attacked by this aphid include cotton, citru

Tobacco aphid

Myzus nicotianae Tobacco aphid General The tobacco aphid ( Myzus persicae subsp. nicotianae ) probably evolved from the peach potato aphid in the Far East and is a key pest of tobacco crops in both th

Western flower thrips

Frankliniella occidentalis Western flower thrips General The western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) is currently the most damaging thrips species in many greenhouse crops. The western flow

Impatiens thrips

Echinothrips americanus Impatiens thrips General Impatiens thrips (Echinothrips americanus) is an increasing problem in greenhouse cultivation, having spread to many countries within the last 30 years

Onion thrips

Thrips tabaci Onion thrips General The onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) is distributed throughout the world. It is found outdoors on many plants and particularly damaging on onions, leek, and in greenhous