Angular leaf spot

look dark green, but when transmitted light is used, they are translucent. When conditions are humid, a viscous bacterial exudate forms on the underside [...] side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish brown and then become necrotic. The foliar symptoms are the most important, but also all types [...] that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria are also introduced in a crop in new transplants. This bacterium is very resistant

Downy mildew of rose

structures are protruding from the stomata. Because there are more stomata on the underside of the leaf, this is where most fluffy symptoms are found. The [...] From these oospores or surviving mycelium sporangia are formed, structures in which zoospores are produced. However, in downy mildews, sporangia often [...] The pathogens are dispersed by air, water and tools. Some species, for example Hyaloperonospora parasitica and Peronospora farinose are assumed to be s

Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The lesions are light brown, sunken and surrounded by a dark [...] ss and because chlamydospores are rare. Primary infection is purely seed-borne. Conidia and other fungal structures are transmitted on the outside of the [...] through the cuticle. On the lesions, pycnidia are formed from which orange-red masses of two-celled conidia are exuded. Secondary infection is by splash dispersal

Damping-off

subsequently zoospores are produced. Zoospores are spores with flagellae, which enable the spores to move through water. The zoospores are chemically drawn to [...] where the side roots are formed or through other similarly damaged spots. On the infected plant, new sporangia with zoospores are formed, that allow the [...] water content ( > 70%) of the soil or substrate. Oospores are dispersed when soil particles are moved around by humans or machinery. Pythium can survive

Customer experiences

Limonica

to the particular situation. Start introduction as soon as the first pests are detected in the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 50-250 per m

Spidex Vital lives up to its promises

switch to Spidex Vital . His initial experiences in using the new product are positive. ‘I’ve known Phytoseiulus my whole life,’ the cucumber grower begins [...] Although spider mites prefer a drier greenhouse climate, predatory mites are somewhat less keen on it. Spidex Vital still has to prove itself in such dry

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

plants. Damage symptoms In potato, field symptoms of Ralstonia solanacearum are wilting and yellowing of leaves and stunted plants. Inside, vascular browning [...] of plants happens rapidly. Leaves remain green after wilting, until they are completely desiccated. Infected stems show long, dark brown streaks. The vascular [...] not seen in Clavibacter -infected plants. In tomato, the youngest leaves are affected first. They show signs of wilting during the day which may disappear

Phytophthora blight

cells which are resistant to desiccation) or mycelium. Zoospores are formed from the overwintering structures which infect the host. Zoospores are spores with [...] of Phytophthora blight Phytophthora species are very destructive organisms belonging to the Oomycetes and are therefore strictly speaking not fungi. They [...] hores (structures containing sporangia, a type of spores) with sporangia are formed that protrude through the stomata. Secondary infection is either by

Early blight

These spots can be distinguished by the dark and brown concentric rings that are caused by sporulation. Species may differ in specific symptoms. Damage symptoms [...] halo restricted by leaf veins. Lesions can easily rupture. Other symptoms are brown lesions on stem and foot. On fruits, dark sunken, leathery lesions occur [...] and 28 °C) and at a relative humidity (RH) of over 90% or when the leaves are wet. Small differences in optimum temperature occur between species, but in