• Citrus mealybug

  very small population can thus cause considerable economic damage. Life cycle and appearance of Citrus mealybug Adult females of Planococcus citri are

• American serpentine leaf miner

  plant tissue via the feeding spots. Life cycle and appearance of American serpentine leaf miner The life cycle of a leaf miner has the following stages:

• Southern European marshland pyralid

  cause severe damage, whereas roses appear to tolerate larger numbers. Life cycle and appearance of Southern European marshland pyralid Adults of the European

• Cotton bollworm

  off. In legumes, flowers are attacked, and seed pods may be pierced. Life cycle and appearance of Cotton bollworm Eggs are deposited individually on young

• Fall Armyworm

  appear ragged or torn (similar to hailstorm damage in appearance). Life cycle of the Fall Armyworm Adult moths are 20 to 25 mm long and have a wingspan

• Tomato leafminer

  diseases to enter, leading to rotting fruit before or after harvest. Life cycle and appearance of Tomato leafminer The female moth of the tomato leaf miner

• Diamond back moth

  buds, flowers and young seed pods, causing loss of pods and seeds. Life cycle and appearance of Diamond back moth The oval and flattened eggs of the diamond

• Beet armyworm

  ornamental crops the worst damage is caused by attacks on flowers and buds. Life cycle and appearance of Beet armyworm The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) is

• Cotton leafworm

  ( Spodoptera littoralis ) also attacks the young grains in the ear. Life cycle and appearance of Cotton leafworm Each adult female of the cotton leafworm

• Potato/tomato psyllid

  Overview It is a pest of huge economic importance, which initially affected potatoes and in recent years has become a problem for other Solanaceae crops such as tomatoes, peppers, aubergines, and toba