• Angular leaf spot

  veins. The distinctive feature is the way the lesions look when using different light sources: when reflected light is used, the lesions look dark green [...] General Xanthomonas fragariae is a leaf spot disease found in strawberry. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas fragariae initially causes small, water-soaked lesions [...] green, but when transmitted light is used, they are translucent. When conditions are humid, a viscous bacterial exudate forms on the underside of the leaf

• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  subsp. carotovora has recently been renamed Pectobacterium carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial [...] Pectobacterium carovora causes bacterial stem rot as well as soft rot. Stem rot is first noticed when plants wilt at the time of first harvest or after that [...] bacterial stem rot Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora or Pectobacterium carovora is very common, but does not often reach epidemic population densities. It can

• Botrytis

  General Grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is a commonly found fungus in many environments. It survives in plant parts like bulbs [...] storage. In lettuce, grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause [...] grows into the plant. Grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is a necrotrophic fungus, meaning that it excretes compounds that kill the plant

• Damping-off

  General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or suffer from stress [...] irrigation water. Pythium aphanidermatum mostly occurs in young plants and damage is more extensive in young crops. Damage symptoms Pythium affects roots, in [...] substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy stripping of the skin from the root cortex with a finger nail. Life

• Cottony soft rot

  General Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, also known as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms [...] infect the above-ground plant parts. In greenhouses, usually only mycelium is produced by the germinating sclerotia. The fungus grows quite rapidly inside [...] source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial growth. How to prevent Cottony soft rot Practice dry cultivation/be

• Early blight

  General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause [...] temperature occur between species, but in general the risk of Alternaria infection is larger under quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within [...] rapidly as two to three days later and sporulation within five days. Infection is both direct and through wounds and stomata. Spores are dispersed by wind and

• False codling moth

  General False codling moth ( Thaumatotibia leucotreta ) is native to sub-Saharan Africa and is found in all citrus production areas in Southern Africa [...] a leucotreta . The reason for this pest’s high pest status is its quarantine status and is not due to the economic losses. Damage and symptoms Larval [...] penetration hole eventually assumes a yellow colour. On ripe fruit this area is orange, but eventually becomes sunken and brown as the damage tissue decays

• Black sigatoka disease

  General Mycosphaerella fijiensis also known as black sigatoka, is an ascomycete fungus that causes leaf-spot of banana. Damage symptoms Black sigatoka [...] die within a few weeks. Because of the lack of leaf tissues, fruit maturity is hampered. Life cycle and appearance of Black sigatoka disease Black sigatoka

• Panoramix-GR

  avoid direct sunlight. Storability is reduced once the package has been opened. Keep out of children’s reach. Panoramix-GR is stable for 24 months from man [...] When to use Panoramix-GR? Panoramix-GR is a natural product for soil application. It contains Phosphobacteria, soil probiotics and prebiotics which act [...] 20% Amino acid 9% Myo inositol 4% Thiamine 2% Alpha Tocopherol 1% Vici Routz is PSB Bio Fertilizer under Fertilizer Control Order, India Dosage Annual & field

• Eretmocerus eremicus

  eremicus Eretmocerus eremicus is a small parasitic wasp belonging to the family Aphelinidae . This beneficial insect is used as an important biological [...] Eretmocerus eremicus is still active at temperatures above 30°C/86°F. Behaviour of the parasitic wasp Eretmocerus eremicus Eretmocerus eremicus is a highly effective [...] whiteflies in agricultural and horticultural settings. Eretmocerus eremicus is used for the control of the following pests: Tobacco whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci