Southern European marshland pyralid
wide range of hosts from 38 plant families. They include ornamental crop plants, such as roses and gerbera, aquatic plants, vegetable crops such as celery [...] celery, pepper and lettuce, and weeds. The secretive habit of the caterpillars of this species makes them very difficult to control with synthetic pesticides [...] crops cultivated in an ebb-and-flow irrigation system. The damage threshold varies considerably according to the crop: in begonia and kalanchoë a relatively