Fall Armyworm

symptoms The developing larvae eat different parts of the host plant, depending on the crop, the stage of crop development, and the age of the larvae. On [...] instars that vary in colour from light tan to green to black. They have a distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the front of the head and four large [...] spots on the upper surface of the last segment. Pupae are reddish brown and measure 13 to 17 mm in length. The eggs hatch after 3-5 days. Over the next 2

Cotton aphid

food source and the density of the population. Large individuals (up to 1.8 mm long) are usually dark green to black, while aphids produced in overcrowded [...] plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth [...] skin, betraying their presence in the crop. The cotton aphid can be distinguished from other aphids by the colour of the two cornicles (siphunculi). These

Diamond back moth

antennae. The hindwings are narrow, pointed toward the apex. The tips of the wings appear to turn upward slightly when viewed from the side. In males, the upper [...] may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to brown before adult emergence. The adult of the diamond back [...] white upper edge. In females, the upper two-thirds of the forewings are light ochreous and the markings are like those of the males. The back is marked with

Macrolophus pygmaeus

rs , as well as the larvae of leaf miners . When the bug is present in a crop in large numbers, it can contribute substantially to the control of these [...] susceptible to damage. In tomato there may be fruit deformations during setting, and in gerbera, misshapen flowers may appear. The use of this bug in gerbera [...] are green except for occasional small black markings: the first antennal segment is black, and a black stripe runs behind the eyes. The first part of the

Two-spotted spider mite

cause damage to the host plant by feeding on plant sap. They mainly occur on the underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck out the contents [...] contents. The empty dead cells become yellow, and in many plants the damage can also be seen on the upper surface of leaves as small yellow dots. The destruction [...] removed, the leaf, and eventually the whole plant, may die. In tomatoes and cucumbers, as little as 30% damage of the leaf surface can lead to loss of the

Cotton leafworm

caterpillars crawl to the ground and settle in the surface layers. The pupa is 15 to 20 mm long and reddish brown in colour. The forewings of the adult cotton [...] results in shedding or drying up of the buds. Yellowish to dark-green larval excrement protrudes from the holes they have produced. On tobacco, the stem base [...] yellow. They are laid in clusters of 20 to 500 pieces on lower leaf surfaces, often on the lower parts of the plant. The female covers the eggs with brownish-yellow

Cotton bollworm

orange moths approximately 18 to 19 mm in length and have a wingspan of about 40 mm. The grey-green males are smaller. The forewings are edged with a line [...] General The cotton bollworm ( Helicoverpa armigera ) occurs in the tropics and sub-tropics of all continents except for North America. Larvae of the cotton [...] Young caterpillars are yellowish-white to reddish-brown with dark spots. In later instars the head is mottled, and the body is marked with three prominent

Avocado

with only one seed. The berry is green-skinned and fleshy and its shape resembles a pear or (large) egg. The avocado tree belongs to the flowering plant family [...] About The avocado ( Persea americana ), also named ‘alligator pear’ is a tree originating in South Central Mexico. Its nick name points to its fruit which [...] Lauraceae . Commercially speaking, avocados are very valuable and the fruit is produced in tropical and Mediterranean regions. Avocados ripen only after they

Cauliflower

About The cauliflower, along with several other vegetables, belongs to the species Brassica oleracea of the genus Brassica which is part of the family [...] collard greens and kale (collectively called "cole" crops) belong to various cultivars, but are all members of the species Brassica oleracea. The cauliflower [...] plant that reproduced by seed. The cauliflower head looks like broccoli and consists of white, flowering meristem. Only the cauliflower head is eaten, this

Banana

(usually easy to peel) can be green or yellow, or red, purple or brown when ripe. Bananas grow in bunches downwards from the top of the plant. Nowadays [...] About The banana ( Musa spp.) is a nutritious fruit that grows from various large, herbaceaous flowering plants belonging to the genus Musa . Botanically [...] speaking the fruit is a berry and it varies in colour, size and firmness. Bananas mostly are elongated and curved. Its flesh is soft, rich in starch and