Koppert One

Side Effects app Understand the impact of pesticides on beneficial organisms and pollinators Pesticides can have both direct and indirect effects on natural [...] enemies and pollinators. Our Side Effects app precisely evaluates the harmfulness of various pesticides, considering both direct impacts like mortality [...] knowledge Leverage years of accumulated knowledge to improve your Integrated Pest Management strategies. Go to web app Ask the Digital Assistant Koppert

Mealybugs and scales

gain an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Characteristically [...] on this honeydew, which, as well as the white, waxy secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected plants. Fruit and flowers are [...] your crop Life cycle of mealybugs & scales Mealybug & scale damage Although most species of mealybugs feed on the aerial parts of the plant, some species

Thrips

form the order Thysanoptera, a name that literally means ‘fringed wings’, and refers to the eyelash-like fringe of hairs along both edges of the thin wings [...] cells of the surface tissue and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black [...] dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. At a later stage, the empty cells become desiccated and the adjacent cells turn brown. The vigour

Fall Armyworm

symptoms The developing larvae eat different parts of the host plant, depending on the crop, the stage of crop development, and the age of the larvae. On [...] distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the front of the head and four large spots on the upper surface of the last segment. Pupae are reddish brown and [...] Life cycle of the Fall Armyworm Adult moths are 20 to 25 mm long and have a wingspan of 32-38 mm. They are nocturnal and most active during the warm, humid

Whitefly

consequences: If the population is very large, feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight [...] belong to the order Hemiptera (true bugs ). Together with aphids and scale insects, they belong to the division Sternorrhyncha. The whiteflies form the family [...] your crop Life cycle of whitefly Whitefly damage The larvae need a lot of nutrients for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains

Fusarium spp.

inside the vascular system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the plants. The other species are dispersed upwards on the outside of the plant [...] towards the foot of the plant and enters the vascular system. Inside the vessels, the fungus produces mycelium and many spores (microconidia), which are [...] Fusarium wilt ) is the species that causes vascular wilt. Initially, the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant

Caterpillars

to crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur in greenhouses belong to the Noctuidae (the noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all lepidopteran [...] that damage greenhouse crops is the leafroller family, the Tortricidae. The name ‘leafroller’ refers to the fact that the caterpillars often live in rolled-up [...] not able to chew and therefore graze the underside of leaves. This causes a window effect where the epidermis of the upper leaf surface remains undamaged

Spider mites and other mites

covered with such webs in which the mites live. The webbing and spotting on the leaves affect the appearance of the crop. This is of particular concern in ornamental [...] underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck out the contents. The empty dead cells become yellow, and in many plants the damage can also be seen [...] seen on the upper surface of leaves as small yellow dots. The destruction of cells results in reduced photosynthesis, increased transpiration and reduced

Flies

both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs [...] nuisance, are particularly small flies of the families Sciaridae (sciarid flies) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting [...] their large number. Larvae of flies of the family Keroplatidae (mainly Lyprauta sp.) can cause damage in potted orchids. The Spotted Wing Drosophila has

Potato/tomato psyllid

latter causing the greatest concern and proving difficult to control. In light of this, the export of fruit from susceptible crops to some parts of Europe, and [...] growth, weakness in the new leaves, chlorosis/reddening or purple colouration of the leaf bases and internodes, and poor-quality fruit. The bacterium Candidatus [...] and the import into Mexico, is difficult, since Candidatus Liberibacter is considered a quarantine pest. Lifecycle and appearance of the potato/tomato