species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or…
and on crop residues and cause primary infection of the leaves. Survival can be several years, up to eight years for several Alternaria spp. Typically…
is very common, but does not often reach epidemic population densities. It can survive as epiphytic bacteria on various plants or in the soil in low…
oospores (sexual overwintering spores), sporangia (special structures which can either germinate directly or produce zoospores), chlamydospores…
a few days. Under circumstances unfavourable for germination, the spores can survive a few days on the plant surface and still germinate when the RH…
moving from the roots of infected plants to neighbouring plants. The bacteria can also be transported by irrigation water. Disease incidence is…
crop in new transplants. This bacterium is very resistant to desiccation and can survive well in dry leaves or leaves in the soil, but not…
Damping-off General Pythium is considered a ‘weak pathogen’, meaning that it can usually only affect plants that are in a sub-optimal condition or…
grow across the surface and infect adjacent stomata. Both types of spores can germinate within two or three hours under humid conditions, but…
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